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	<title>HiCancer.com</title>
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	<pubDate>Thu, 20 Nov 2008 22:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>A Cancer-Prone System</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/a-cancerprone-system/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Nov 2008 22:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Starting from the outside, the key elements in the female reproductive system are the vulva (or outer lips), the vagina (or birth canal), the cervix (a doughnut-shaped structure that is at the entrance to the uterus), the uterus, or womb (inside which a baby grows before birth), the fallopian tubes (along which fertilised eggs travel [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Starting from the outside, the key elements in the female reproductive system are the vulva (or outer lips), the vagina (or birth canal), the cervix (a doughnut-shaped structure that is at the entrance to the uterus), the uterus, or womb (inside which a baby grows before birth), the fallopian tubes (along which fertilised eggs travel to the uterus) and the ovaries (where the eggs and various hormones are made).  Not all of these organs and tissues are equally liable to cancer.  For example, cancer attacks the fallopian tubes rarely; the vulva and vagina, more often; and the ovaries, the walls of the uterus (the endometricum) and the cervix most frequently.  Each type of cancer requires specific diagnosis and treatment.  Uterine cancer accounts for about four percent of all cancers in women; cervical cancer, for about three percent.  Thanks to increased public awareness, early detection the death rate for cervical and uterine cancer has declined in recent decades.</p>
<p>It is not unusual for a serious disease to share the same symptoms with a relatively unimportant problem.  This is especially true of cervical cancer and other cancers of the reproductive system.  For example, two common symptoms of cancer of the vulva are itching and a burning pain, conditions that can also be caused by vulvar infections.  A change in a vulvar mole or freckle, or any bump, growth or ulcer that does not heal within two weeks, may or may not, signal cancer.  Cervical cancer is often symptomless, at least in its early stages, but in time, it causes abnormal vaginal bleeding or increased vaginal discharge.  The discharge may begin as a watery discharge streaked with blood, but eventually the discharge will contain greater quantities of blood.</p>
<p>Having a symptom of gynaecological cancer does not necessarily mean that you have cancer.  It does mean that you should see a doctor for a complete pelvic examination and further tests to rule out the possibility of cancer.  Age seems to be the main factor that affects a woman&#8217;s chances of developing cervical cancer or any other cancer of her reproductive organs.  The danger years vary, but fall within the 40-65 year old age span.  The years of greatest risk for cervical cancer appear to be between 40 and 49.  The odds that a woman will develop any type of gynaecological cancer increase after menopause.</p>
<p>Each reproductive organ also has its own specific risk factors.  Studies reveal that cancer of the cervix occurs more often in women who become sexually active early in life, who have contracted a sexually transmitted disease such as genital warts, who have had many sexual partners, whose sexual partners have had many sexual contacts, or who smoke.  More cases of cervical cancer also occur among women who use oral contraceptives than among those who rely on a diaphragm, condoms or an intrauterine device (IUD).</p>
<p>Two routine screening examinations are available for women, the cervical smear test (Pap smear test) and the pelvic examination, which may detect gynaecological cancer - or conditions that may lead to it - long before a woman notices anything wrong.  In the cervical smear test, a metal instrument called a speculum is used to open up the vagina and examine the cervix.  With the speculum in place, the doctor uses a wooden spatula or cotton wool swab to rub off a sample of cells from the surface of the cervix; the sample is transferred onto a glass slide and sent to the laboratory for examination under the a microscope.  The test is designed to detect the presence of abnormal (precancer) cells that in some cases may develop into cervical cancer.  Even if such cells are found, it does not mean that you have cancer or will get it later; it does mean, though, that more tests and possibly treatment are necessary.  If the cervix shows inflammatory changes or if you have had an abnormal smear, the doctor may also examine the cervix with a magnifying instrument called a colposcope.  After examining the cervix, the doctor will do a pelvic examination by passing a gloved finger up inside the vagina while pressing down on the abdomen with the other hand.  In this way he may be able to detect abnormalities in the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries.  Depending on your age, your past and present sexual habits, whether you are at high risk for developing cervical cancer, will determine how often you should be examined.  Generally, any factor that increases the risk of developing cancer increases the need for regular check-ups.  Cervical cancer detected early can usually be cured without affecting a woman&#8217;s ability to have children, but a more advanced cancer might require a hysterectomy - the surgical removal of the uterus and the cervix, which makes it impossible for her to have children.</p>
<p>Michael Russell<br />
Your Independent guide to  cervical-cancer-guides.com/ Cervical Cancer</p>
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		<title>He Had My Back Covered</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/he-had-my-back-covered/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Nov 2008 16:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[It was 7:20 Monday morning and I was so relieved to see that Mike, the radiation therapist, was already there preparing the radiation room. One more time I made my way through the huge ominous door averting my eyes from the large red letters that read “DANGER- DO NOT ENTER”. I headed for the cold [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It was 7:20 Monday morning and I was so relieved to see that Mike, the radiation therapist, was already there preparing the radiation room. One more time I made my way through the huge ominous door averting my eyes from the large red letters that read “DANGER- DO NOT ENTER”. I headed for the cold steel table upon which I was instructed to lie perfectly still so that the radiation therapist could line up the diagnostic x-ray machine with the tiny permanent ink dots that had been tattooed on my chest. This process allows for more precision in the delivery of the radiation thereby causing less damage to the surrounding healthy tissue.</p>
<p>Mike, with his usual calm, laid back manner always seemed to emit a quiet, confident, competent strength. He was humorous and attentive but, at first glance, I would not have called him sensitive. As I was to find out, Mike did not miss a thing. He could not have known that I failed all 4 years of high school PE because I would not undress for showers. Nor could he have known that at age seven I elected to have the entire series of rabbi shots administered into my back vs. the normal administration to the stomach. Bearing my stomach elicited intolerable feelings of vulnerablity . Like radar, Mike picked up on my fear even though I tried my hardest to appear “together”. Truth be told, I was so scared during all 33 threatments that I was grateful to just not drool.</p>
<p>So it was that when the right side of my chest was exposed, it felt exactly like the right side of my back when exposed as both areas are flatter than a pancake. Conversely, when the left side of my chest became inadvertently exposed, I would instantly feel embarrassed, vulnerable and sometimes even ashamed. Most of the technicians’ would endeavor to replace the cover when it fell from the right breast. After awhile it became a tedious task and they were trying to get their job done as efficiently as possible because their waiting room was filled with weary women wearing but a thin hospital gowns patiently awaiting their turn to proceed through the “DANGER DO NOT ENTER” room.</p>
<p>I never understood how it happened but by some mysterious cue, if my breast became exposed, Mike was back in the room as if he had some good reason to be there. He would nonchalantly put the cover back on my exposed breast. Once again my “back” was covered, my childhood monsters were soothed and I could breath again. As quick as Mike appeared he would disappear closing behind him the door that read “DANGER DO NOT ENTER”.</p>
<p>Of all the ways and means of extending appreciation and gratitude, thanking someone for keeping those intangable feelings of vulnerability and dignity intact, is among the most difficult to express. Nevertheless, in my book he exemplifies the very essence of professionalism and compassion effortlessly and without even a hint of solicitation of praise. Thank You, Mr. Mike and the entire staff at Olympic Medical Cancer Center.</p>
<p>Dawn DeLisa Novotny LMSW, MTS<br />
©2006 Dawn Novotny    July4@tenforward.com</p>
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		<title>Coping With Cancer Pain</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/coping-with-cancer-pain/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Nov 2008 10:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Patients with advanced cancer often have pain as their chief complaint.  Although advances in cancer treatment have lengthened survival among cancer patients, cancer pain remains under treated in patients.
It has been estimated that 25% of all cancer patients who die, do so without adequate pain relief, despite the fact that the tools for adequate [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Patients with advanced cancer often have pain as their chief complaint.  Although advances in cancer treatment have lengthened survival among cancer patients, cancer pain remains under treated in patients.</p>
<p>It has been estimated that 25% of all cancer patients who die, do so without adequate pain relief, despite the fact that the tools for adequate pain control are available.  With advanced disease, 90% of patients with cancer require strong opiates to control their pain.</p>
<p>However, many physicians remain concerned about inadvertently making a patient an addict if they prescribe narcotics to treat pain.  Cultural and attitudinal barriers, knowledge deficits among health care professionals, and the influence of state and federal drug regulatory agencies also contribute to the fact that the pain experienced by cancer patients, all too often, is under-treated.</p>
<p>Cancer pain is classified according to pain duration and quality.  Duration of pain can denote the acute or chronic nature of pain.  It is common to experience anxiety, apprehension and depression in patients with cancer pain.  The types of pain most commonly experienced by cancer patients are:</p>
<p>Acute cancer related pain</p>
<p>Chronic cancer related pain</p>
<p>Pain unrelated to cancer</p>
<p>Pain in opiod tolerant cancer patients</p>
<p>End of life pain</p>
<p>After an appropriate medical history review and a physical, a pain physician will tailor a suitable pain treatment program.  Because everyone has a different response to medications and therapies, the other types of drugs with pain relievers.  They include anti-inflammatory steroids, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants.  These drugs may be effective treatments for specific types of pain or pain with specific causes.</p>
<p>For example, the doctor may prescribe antidepressants to help relieve certain types of pain.  However, it doesn’t necessarily mean that the patient is suffering from depression.  Similarly, steroids often are effective in relieving pain associated with inflammation.</p>
<p>Cancer pain can be controlled effectively through therapies already available today.  Pain treatments range from mild, nonprescription pain relievers, to stronger prescription medications, to neurological surgery, to alternative therapies such as relaxation, biofeedback, guided imagery, and acupuncture.</p>
<p>Oncologists and pain specialists can devise a treatment plan based on the type and severity of pain, side effects, and how the patient responds to the treatment.  Some common approaches to treat cancer pain include:</p>
<p>1.	Oral Medicines- Aspirin &amp; NSAIDs, Opiods, Adjuvants</p>
<p>2.	Intravenous drugs</p>
<p>3.	Transdermal drug delivery systems</p>
<p>4.	Nerve blocks</p>
<p>5.	Interthecal drug pumps</p>
<p>6.	Neuroablstive procedures</p>
<p>Although they have cancer pain, many patients are afraid of getting addicted to pain medicines.  When cancer pain medicines are given and taken in the right way, patients rarely become addicted to them.  To be sure, they should talk to the doctor, nurse, or pharmacist about how to use pain medications safely.</p>
<p>Many patients only need pain medicines for a time, until the cause of the pain goes away due to other treatments like chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery.  When they are ready to stop taking the medicine, the doctor gradually lowers the amount of medicine they take.  By the time they stop using it completely, the body has had time to adjust.  Some patients will need to take pain medicines for the long-term.  Taking medicines regularly should not make patients feel like an “addict.”</p>
<p>Physical dependence, tolerance to medication and addiction are three different issues in people treated with strong pain medications.  The patient’s physician can explain the subtle but important difference between them.  It’s often easier to control pain in its early stages, because it becomes severe.  Therefore, it is better for cancer pain patients to ask for adequate pain relief.</p>
<p>A primary care physician or oncologist can help explain the possible options for pain relief and can make a referral, when necessary, to a pain medicine specialist for optimal pain management.</p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p>
<p>Walton Rehabilitation Health Systems (WRHS) is a leading not-for-profit comprehensive, multi-specialty, dedicated provider of physical medicine and rehabilitation. Our mission is to be an advocate for wellness by providing a continuum of services to treat the whole person. WRHS, whose reputation extends throughout the south, is a trusted partner with just the right expertise and treatments to help people with disabling injuries and illnesses return to work and to a fulfilling life. By pursuing its mission, WRHS has grown to include Walton Pain and Headache Centers, Walton Community Services, Walton Options for Independent Living, Walton Foundation for Independence, and Walton Technologies. We are located at: 1355 Independence Drive, Augusta, GA 30901-1037. For more information visit  wrh.org  wrh.org or call 866-4-WALTON.</p>
<p>Hemant Yagnick, M.D., is an Interventional Pain Specialist and Medical Director of the Walton Pain Center in Augusta, GA. Dr. Yagnick believes that chronic pain is a complex medical condition influenced by biological, physical, behavioral, environmental and social forces. His new two-week comprehensive inpatient program helps patients receive relief from pain while becoming trained in coping techniques, speeds up their return to work and improves their quality of life.  Dr. Yagnick earned his medical degree from JN Medical College and Hospital. He  completed his residency in anesthesiology and an Interventional Pain Fellowship at Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, MS. For more information visit  wrh.org  wrh.org</p>
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		<title>How Is Leukemia Treated?</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/how-is-leukemia-treated/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Nov 2008 04:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. There are two types of leukemia, chronic and acute, which are treated differently and have different symptoms. Acute leukemia rapidly progresses and needs immediate, aggressive treatment. Chronic leukemia can take months or years to show symptoms and may not need immediate treatment [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. There are two types of leukemia, chronic and acute, which are treated differently and have different symptoms. Acute leukemia rapidly progresses and needs immediate, aggressive treatment. Chronic leukemia can take months or years to show symptoms and may not need immediate treatment but will require ongoing monitoring.</p>
<p>Chemotherapy utilizes chemicals to treat the cancer. It causes many side effects such as hair loss, nausea and decline of the immune system. The complete course of therapy can be from two to five years including maintenance. This is the most common form of treatment for leukemia with the desired result being total remission. Even without symptoms, ongoing monitoring must occur to guard against relapse.</p>
<p>Radiation therapy is another form of treatment. It is painless and in low doses causes very few side effects. Where the radiation is concentrated and the exposure levels will determine the side effects, if any, and the severity of them. Damage to the skin, swelling and infertility are among the possible side effects.</p>
<p>A bone marrow transplant is an effective way to prolong the life of cancer patients. It is, however, a risky surgery and requires a donor which can be difficult in attaining. These surgeries should be performed at state of the art hospitals specializing in cancer treatment. This surgery has a high mortality rate and is therefore used only in life threatening cases.</p>
<p>Immunotherapy is a means to stimulate the immune system so the body can attack the cancer cells. This type of treatment is still in its early stages and continually under development. It is believed that this type of treatment may prove less harmful than chemotherapy or radiation therapy and may someday supplant these treatments as a method for treating cancer.</p>
<p>Long term effects of leukemia treatments may cause anemia. This side effect can be treated by blood transfusions or platelet transfusions. There are risks with transfusions but it is believed transfusions will help reduce the threat of additional complications such as heart attacks. Doses of antibiotics are also generally prescribed to leukemia patients to help counteract the danger of infection cause by declined immune system or treatment side effects.</p>
<p>There are currently almost 200,000 people in the United States diagnosed with leukemia and an estimated 35,000 new cases will be diagnosed this year. It is the leading cause of death for people under the age of 20. There are many treatment facilities throughout the United States specializing in cancer treatment. Early diagnosis, aggressive treatment, and monitoring will help prolong life and increase chances of a person going into remission.</p>
<p><b>About The Author</b><br />
Gray Rollins is a featured writer for  leukemiaclinical.com&#8221; target=&#8221;_new  leukemiaclinical.com. To learn more about leukemia, visit  leukemiaclinical.com/acutemyeloidleukemia/&#8221; target=&#8221;_new  leukemiaclinical.com/acutemyeloidleukemia/.</p>
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		<title>Cervical Cancer: Relying on Pap Smears Alone for Cancer Prevention Can Kill You</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/cervical-cancer-relying-on-pap-smears-alone-for-cancer-prevention-can-kill-you/</link>
		<comments>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/cervical-cancer-relying-on-pap-smears-alone-for-cancer-prevention-can-kill-you/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2008 22:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Even though the test itself usually leads to no harm, what you do not know about Pap smears and over-reliance on reassuring results can be severely detrimental to your health. This, in fact, can kill you. The reasons for this seemingly shocking statement and other crucial things that a smart woman should know regarding cancer [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Even though the test itself usually leads to no harm, what you do not know about Pap smears and over-reliance on reassuring results can be severely detrimental to your health. This, in fact, can kill you. The reasons for this seemingly shocking statement and other crucial things that a smart woman should know regarding cancer prevention are the subject of this article!!</p>
<p>Let us take a very brief little historical detour to understand why. The Papanicolaou test, shortened to Pap, is a test which scrapes cells from the uterine cervix using a small spatula and brush. These scraped cells are then reviewed under a microscope to look for abnormal or pre-cancerous cells. The Pap test has been around for approximately 50 years and was a great advance in cervical cancer prevention. Even today, since nearly 50% of cervical cancers in the US occur in women who have never been screened, and 60% of cases develop in women who have not been screened in at least 5 years, an argument has been made that widespread periodic screening of ALL women would further reduce the overall incidence of cervical cancer, and eventually eliminate it. It is certainly true that any kind of screening is better than no screening at all.</p>
<p>However, unfortunately, even when Pap screening is readily available, this may not alter the results. In just one example, screening had been performed in 63% of women younger than 45 who died of cervical cancer in Scotland from 1982 to 1991. Other reports note that up to 20% of women with severe pre-cancer or invasive cervical cancer had a normal Pap smear within the preceding year. Thus it appears that standard Pap screening may not be sufficient to prevent cervical cancer. Many women present with symptoms, and up to half have been recently screened with at least standard Pap screening.</p>
<p>The bottom line is that despite its major contribution to cervical cancer prevention, we now know that the conventional Pap smear has dangerous limitations. Using biopsies as the best available gold standard, the ability of the Pap smear to pick up pre-cancer and very early cancer may be as low as 20% - 30%. In other words, up to 80% of pre-cancerous changes can be missed if you rely on the Pap smear alone. Used alone, it is simply a yesterday or last century technology.</p>
<p>By the way, if you are experiencing any symptoms like abnormal bleeding between periods or bleeding after intercourse, please call your doctor right away. You need an evaluation and possible biopsies, not Pap tests or any other screening tests. Screening is defined as looking for disease in the absence of symptoms. If you already have symptoms, it is past that point. While abnormal bleeding is usually due to many possible benign non-cancerous reasons, you owe it to yourself to be fully evaluated.</p>
<p>It is extremely important to detect cervical abnormalities when they are still pre-cancerous. When abnormal cells are scraped from the cervix by a Pap test and detected under the microscope, it usually means that there is dysplasia or a pre-cancerous area present on the cervix. In some cases it can also be an early cervical cancer. Cervical cancer rarely develops directly from a normal area. Instead it develops over time, usually years. Cells become more and more abnormal and finally invade or start growing deeper into normal cervical tissue. When these cells invade, they are no longer pre-cancerous and an invasive cancer is now present.</p>
<p>When found before becoming invasive or cancerous, these lesions are not a threat to life and are usually curable with minimally invasive therapies. In other words, hysterectomy and more drastic treatments like radiation and chemotherapy are avoided.</p>
<p>Critical Statement: We now know that there is a sexually transmitted virus, called the HPV or human papilloma-virus, which is largely responsible for virtually all cervical cancers, AND we have a simple painless TEST FOR IT! It is not perfect but is pretty accurate.</p>
<p>HPV is actually quite common and most (up to 75% or three out of four ) women who have been sexually active have likely been infected at some time in their life.</p>
<p>There are two categories of HPV: low risk and high risk. There are multiple subtypes of each category, but the important thing to remember is that a persistent infection with high risk HPV puts you at higher risk of developing a pre-cancerous condition or cancer of the cervix. The relatively good news is that low risk HPV very rarely leads to cancer, although it can still cause you problems like cervical, vaginal or vulvar warts which can be hard to treat and are sexually transmitted. The better good news is that most HPV infections are transient. In other words, they go away on their own, usually within 9 months to a year. However, since this is a sexually transmitted virus, you can be re-infected by contact with an infected partner or a promiscuous lifestyle. So, especially if you are enjoying active sexuality, all of this is extremely important.</p>
<p>The bad news is that a persistent infection with high risk HPV is the single most important factor is predicting that you may develop cervical cancer. Keep in mind that not everyone with persistent HPV infection develops cervical cancer. In fact, most women do NOT develop pre-cancer or cancer. However, your risk is increased and should put up a major red flag to carefully follow-up with your doctor. If you have actually been diagnosed and treated for pre-cancer or cancer of the cervix in the past, this is relative proof that you have had a persistent HPV infection and are therefore more likely to experience a recurrent infection and/or disease.</p>
<p>The second piece of bad news is that there is no currently approved treatment for high risk HPV infections. However, since they usually go away spontaneously this bad news is not so bad for most women. In addition a commercially available vaccine has just been made available. The ideal time for immunization is BEFORE sexual activity begins: so between ages 8 and 13 is ideal. However, although there is incomplete agreement on this, women upto age 26 may benefit from the vaccine.</p>
<p>Women who are infected with HIV or are immunologically suppressed due to other diseases or medications are less likely to have their HPV infection spontaneously go away. Therefore, they are at a higher risk of coming down with pre-cancer or cancer of the cervix.</p>
<p>The HPV virus is sexually transmitted as noted. Contact with the genitals in some fashion must occur. However, given the variable length of time it takes for the infection to clear spontaneously, an infection does not mean that your partner has been unfaithful. The virus can live on inanimate objects for a short time, so contact with sex toys or other forms of indirect sexual contact transmission is possible.</p>
<p>As with anything else, there is a benefit and a risk associated with HPV testing. The main benefit is one of reassurance. If the HPV is negative, the risk of dysplasia or cancer is extremely low. The second major benefit is one of convenience, since the screening interval can be safely increased to three years instead of annual visits. However, just to be complete, there are other reasons to go to a doctor on an annual basis for well woman care. The main risks of HPV testing are related to anxiety and psychological stress of knowing about an HPV infection and wondering about how one got that infection since it is predominately a sexually transmitted virus.</p>
<p>Critical Statement: Caution! If you have an early pre-cancer, it can go away by itself under doctor supervision. Over-treatment is possible and can lead to scars, pain and infertility. Certainly, treatment of an HPV infection alone (i.e. no abnormal cells detected) by surgical means (including cutting, burning and freezing) is not effective and can lead to more harm than good. Discuss the risks and benefits of treatment with your doctor. If you are not satisfied with the answers, get a second opinion!</p>
<p>Critical Statement: Condoms do NOT prevent male-female sexual transmission of HPV. The reason for this is that the virus can be living on the scrotum of your male sexual partner. Also, the anti-spermicidal agent Nonoxynol-9 has NO effect against HPV.</p>
<p>Critical Statement: As far as other gynecologic cancers are concerned, the Pap was never designed or promoted to screen for these. Period. End of story!! Do not let anyone tell you otherwise. The HPV test is also only meant to be a cervical screening tool. Screening technologies for ovarian and uterine cancers are under development, but are currently woefully inadequate.</p>
<p>So, what cervical screening test(s) should you ask for? </p>
<p>The following information is based upon American Cancer Society recommendations, but also includes my evaluation of the medical literature and practice experience. In all cases, this means that these recommendations are as aggressive as is reasonable to get the optimal prevention result. The truth is that what YOU need is somewhat individualized and depends on age and personal medical history. There is no single cookie-cutter answer for every woman and you should discuss the details with your physician.</p>
<p>You can get screened MORE often than the recommendations offered below, but there is no added benefit based on very extensive medical studies. And, there can be some harm. Why? Because screening is NOT for cervical cancer. Rather it is for PRE-cancer. Because of this, there are usually years of time built-in for the abnormalities to change from pre-cancer to cancer, or not. Remember, some of these pre-cancerous changes will go away on their own. So, over-screening and over-treatment can lead to more harm than good. This is vastly different than recommendations for breast cancer screening, where the goal of the yearly mammogram is to detect early cancer, not pre-cancer. In this situation, the earlier the detection and the faster the treatment, the better the results. Breast cancer will NOT go away on its own. So, you see there is a big difference, depending upon what you are screening for or trying to prevent.</p>
<p>If you are under the age of 30:</p>
<p>You should have your first screening examination approximately 3 years after first sexual contact, regardless of whether or not vaginal penetration has occurred, or by the age of 21You should get a Pap smear every 3 years while you are under 30If your Pap smear result uncovers atypical cells of undetermined significance, otherwise known as ASC-US, testing should be done for high risk human papilloma-virus (HPV) should be performed If you are between the ages of 30 and 65: BOTH a Pap smear and HPV test should be obtained every 3 yearsIf you are over the age of 65: Routine screening is no longer recommended IF you have had adequate and recent screening with Pap and/or HPV testingIf you have had a complete or total Hysterectomy (meaning the cervix has been removed):</p>
<p>If the hysterectomy was performed for benign reasons, vaginal screening is not recommendedIf the hysterectomy was performed for precancerous cervical findings, three additional consecutive Pap screening tests should be done before discontinuing further screening.If the hysterectomy was performed for cervical cancer, the timing and frequency of follow-up examinations and vaginal screening is individualized and should be decided upon in concert with your gynecologic oncologist. If you have been treated for pre-cancerous lesions and your cervix was not removed:</p>
<p>Pap and HPV test should be done 6 months after treatment and both repeated after 2 years. If normal after these two screenings, routine age-dependent screening as discussed above can be resumed. If you have HIV or you are otherwise immunologically suppressed from disease or medications: Yearly screening with Pap and HPV should be performed. What happens after an abnormal Pap or HPV test? </p>
<p>If the Pap is ASC-US and the HPV is negative:</p>
<p>Repeat both after one yearIf normal at this point, you can resume routine age dependent screening as discussed above.If the Pap is normal but the HPV is positive: Repeat yearly for two yearsIf both as normal after these two screenings, you can resume routine age dependent screening as discussed above. An additional visual test called Colposcopy, and possible biopsies, is/are recommended if: Pap smear shows cells that are worse than ASC-USPap smear shows ASC-US and the HPV is also positive The HPV test is repeatedly positive and the Pap has been, and continues to be, normal. There is some controversy in this situation, with some experts advising visual magnified evaluation earlier than others. In many cases, nothing is found, but the additional reassurance of a visual test and possible biopsies may be beneficial. In these situations, it is best to discuss all the risks and benefits extensively with your doctor. </p>
<p>Summary recommendations:</p>
<p>Get screenedGet screened using a combination of Pap and HPV testing using the guidelines aboveReport any abnormal discharge or bleeding symptoms to your doctor early, and insist that an explanation be determinedDo not think that the Pap, HPV test and routine pelvic exams reliably prevent any other cancersAll of the above information is meant to aid you in making informed choices regarding screening, prevention and your health. It is NOT meant to replace your existing doctor-patient relationship, since every individual specific health situation is different. If you do not have a trusted doctor with whom you can discuss these matters, GET ONE!! Your continued health depends upon it!</p>
<p>Steven A. Vasilev MD,MBA,FACOG,FACS  is a fellowship trained and  board certified gynecologic oncologist, which means he is specially trained and certified to take care of women with gynecologic cancers.  He has practiced at academic as well as private centers, has been on the faculty of  three  universities and continues to be involved in research and education.  You can visit  gyncancerdoctor.com  gyncancerdoctor.com to learn more about screening, prevention and treatment of gynecologic cancers.</p>
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		<title>Information on Inflammatory Breast Cancer</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/information-on-inflammatory-breast-cancer/</link>
		<comments>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/information-on-inflammatory-breast-cancer/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Inflammatory breast cancer is a rare cancer that happens in a very small percentage of women. It is an aggressive type of locally advanced cancer.
In general, women with inflammatory breast cancer are diagnosed at a younger age. In extremely rare circumstances, this form of breast cancer is diagnosed in men. Inflammatory breast cancer usually develops [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Inflammatory breast cancer is a rare cancer that happens in a very small percentage of women. It is an aggressive type of locally advanced cancer.</p>
<p>In general, women with inflammatory breast cancer are diagnosed at a younger age. In extremely rare circumstances, this form of breast cancer is diagnosed in men. Inflammatory breast cancer usually develops as a sheet rather than a lump.</p>
<p>Symptoms of inflammatory breast cancer include:</p>
<p>Breast becomes red, purple, pink or bruised; <br />
Breast becomes firm and enlarged;<br />
A warm feeling in the breast; <br />
Itching of the breast; <br />
Pain; <br />
Skin texture similar to an orange peel; <br />
Enlarged lymph nodes under the arm;<br />
Flattening of the nipple; <br />
Swollen skin on the nipple; <br />
Change in color of the skin around the nipple.</p>
<p>It is very easy to mix up the symptoms of inflammatory breast cancer with those of a breast infection. If you become aware of any of the signs of inflammatory breast cancer, see your doctor immediately.</p>
<p>This form of cancer is not caused by an inflammation or infection. Inflammatory breast cancer happens when cancer cells clog the lymphatic vessels in the skin overlying the breast.</p>
<p>In the past, inflammatory breast cancer was treated by surgery and was associated with a 100% mortality rate. Fortunately, major progress has been made in recent years using a combination of treatments, including surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.</p>
<p>These treatments have greatly improved the prognosis for a woman with inflammatory breast cancer. Recent studies have shown as much as a 50% survival rate after 5 years and a 35% survival rate after 10 years.</p>
<p>Alex Fir shares a wealth of information on his website  informationonbreastcancer.info/breastcancerfacts/ Breast Cancer Facts. To see how inflammatory breast cancer looks like visit this page  informationonbreastcancer.info/inflammatory-breast-cancer-pictures.html inflammatory breast cancer pictures.</p>
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		<title>Mesothelioma Treatment - Chemotherapy</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/mesothelioma-treatment-chemotherapy/</link>
		<comments>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/mesothelioma-treatment-chemotherapy/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2008 10:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Mesothelioma is a cancerous disease that affects the serous linings of various internal organs in the human body. Among them, the lungs, heart and the stomach are the mostly affected.
It is estimated that each year, 2,000 new cases of Mesothelioma are reported. The patients suffering from this cancerous disease have had prior exposure to asbestos, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mesothelioma is a cancerous disease that affects the serous linings of various internal organs in the human body. Among them, the lungs, heart and the stomach are the mostly affected.</p>
<p>It is estimated that each year, 2,000 new cases of Mesothelioma are reported. The patients suffering from this cancerous disease have had prior exposure to asbestos, which is considered to be the only known cause of Mesothelioma. Mesotheliomic patients are often told of the short survival duration of 6 – 12 months. But doctors specialized in treating malignant Mesothelioma at leading cancer centers expect better survival rates. Though Mesothelioma causes immense pain and suffering to the victim along with short life expectancy, certain treatments have resulted in the successful reduction and removal of the cancerous tumors of Mesothelioma.</p>
<p>Treatment of Mesothelioma depends on many factors, including the stage of the cancer, the circulation of the malignant cells, pathology reports determining the nature of the cancer cells and patient’s age and health. Following is a detail description of the options for Mesothelioma Treatment.</p>
<p>CHEMOTHERAPY:  Chemotherapy is a “systematic treatment” of Mesothelioma that uses drugs, chemicals and medicines in an efficient manner to kill cancer cells. It is given to patients in either pills form or is injected directly into the body. In some cases, the medicines are directly inserted into the chest, known as intrapleural chemotherapy, or into the abdomen, known as intra peritoneal chemotherapy, to destroy the growth of cancerous cells. It is also given to patients before and after a surgery to limit the growth of Mesothelioma cancer.</p>
<p>The widely used pemetrexed, Alimta ®, is given in combination of Cisplatin (a standard platinum compound) to treat pleural Mesothelioma. The drug was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in February, 2004. The working of this drug is simple: it enters the blood stream of a patient and kills the cancer cells throughout the body, while stopping the malignant cell growth. The drug has some side-effects for which vitamin B 12 and folic acid is given to the patients undergoing this treatment.</p>
<p>Laura Russell is a professional health writer having expertise in then field of Mesothelioma Cancer.</p>
<p>www.mesoblog.org</p>
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		<title>Pleural Mesothelioma</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/pleural-mesothelioma/</link>
		<comments>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/pleural-mesothelioma/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2008 04:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Pleural Mesothelioma is a deadly form of cancer that affects the delicate membrane lining in the thorax. Sometimes a few benign cases are also noticed.   Three thousand new incidences of pleural mesothelioma are reported in the United States every year. Usually the patient dies within eighteen months from diagnosis.
Unprotected contact with asbestos is [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pleural Mesothelioma is a deadly form of cancer that affects the delicate membrane lining in the thorax. Sometimes a few benign cases are also noticed.   Three thousand new incidences of pleural mesothelioma are reported in the United States every year. Usually the patient dies within eighteen months from diagnosis.</p>
<p>Unprotected contact with asbestos is the only known cause of this disease. The general view seems to be that most of the cases could have been possibly prevented if the asbestos manufacturers who knew about the ill effects of the product had warned their workers and taken the required safeguards. Today the industry is strapped with lawsuits totaling billions of dollars over the issue and some of the companies have gone bankrupt.</p>
<p>Pleural Mesothelioma is normally detected in people of the 60-70 years age group. This is mainly because the killer takes two to four decades to develop and manifest. Not only those who have worked in asbestos factories or have otherwise come into regular contact with material (like loading and unloading workers) but their families as well run the risk of being struck by the disease because of the asbestos dust the workers carry home on their bodies and clothing. Sometimes the heating systems are padded with asbestos to increase the efficiency. Till a few years back some ships used to be insulated with this toxic material.</p>
<p>The mesothelioma pleural patient goes through four distinctive stages en route to the inevitable end. Diagnosis is difficult for two reasons. First is the time lag for the symptoms to appear. Secondly the symptoms like shortness of breath, difficulty in swallowing, and weight loss, are common to several other diseases.</p>
<p>Traditional treatment for pleural mesothelioma is not very effective. If the problem is detected during the initial stage, surgery could possibly control it. In certain cases Brachytherapy could be a substitute for surgery. Pain management could be helped to some extent by radiotherapy. Chemotherapy doesn’t seem to be effectual. A great deal of research is afoot to discover better management procedures for pleural mesothelioma. Some new methods of treatment are being tried out.</p>
<p> e-pleuralmesothelioma.com Pleural Mesothelioma provides detailed information on Malignant Diffuse Pleural Mesothelioma, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Survival Rate, Mesothelioma Pleural Brachytherapy and more. Pleural Mesothelioma is affiliated with  e-peritonealmesothelioma.com Peritoneal Mesothelioma Lawyers.</p>
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		<title>7 Good Tips To Prevent Getting Cancer</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/7-good-tips-to-prevent-getting-cancer/</link>
		<comments>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/7-good-tips-to-prevent-getting-cancer/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2008 22:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[To keep it short and sweet lets just say there is TONS of evidence to show where the increase in cancer is coming from.  This article will tell you the latest facts and tidbits to help you prevent getting cancer.
1.  To prevent getting cancer watch what you expose yourself too!  Toxic molecules [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To keep it short and sweet lets just say there is TONS of evidence to show where the increase in cancer is coming from.  This article will tell you the latest facts and tidbits to help you prevent getting cancer.</p>
<p>1.  To prevent getting cancer watch what you expose yourself too!  Toxic molecules called free radicals have been proven to damage or mutate our cells at the molecular level.  To prevent getting cancer avoid these toxic molecules as much as possible.  Common sources are:</p>
<p>-House hold chemicals<br />
-pesticides on your food<br />
-air pollution<br />
-stress<br />
-increased sun exposure<br />
-partially hydrogenated oils<br />
-and everything else that doesn’t seem natural to your body.</p>
<p>2.  Watch what you eat!  Diets rich in fruit and vegetables provide your body with very important antioxidants, which have been shown to prevent free radical damage.  On the contrary bad foods which are loaded up with chemicals, preservatives, and processed garbage will weaken your body and increase your risks of disease.</p>
<p>3.  Eat Organic Foods.  Organic has much less risks of being contaminated with cancer causing molecules.</p>
<p>4.  Reduce your stress and relax as much as possible to help prevent getting cancer!  Stress has been proven to release a toxic hormone into your body that scientists have named “the death hormone” as it has devastating effects on other cells in your body.  Do Yoga, Exercise, meditate, all proven things to help lower stress, ease anxiety, and promote an all around sense of well being.</p>
<p>5.  Be emotionally healthy!  Your emotions take a toll on your physical body if you store lots of emotional pain and baggage.  Express whatever might be causing you pain and suffering and you will reduce risks of being prone to physical and mental disease.</p>
<p>6.  Take a high quality nutritional supplement to help prevent getting cancer.  High quality supplements have been proven to boost nutrient protection in the body and can add crucial defense where you might need it.  Make sure it is a high quality supplement, and not some cheap industrial made manufactured vitamin which has very poor nutrient quality.</p>
<p>7.  Be more Aware!  Paying attention to all these things and living a more aware lifestyle will help prevent getting cancer.  Watching over yourself and making sure you are making healthy decisions, and reducing exposure to cancer causing risk factors will make a huge difference in your life.</p>
<p>It’s simple enough that anyone can do it, and these 7 highly effective tips could be the difference between you getting cancer or the other 1 out of 2.5 people in North America who will get cancer in their lifetime.  Yea it’s that bad.  And to prevent getting cancer we all have to start taking our health very seriously.  Be more aware in your life and you are taking the first crucial step!</p>
<p>Jonathan Budd helps to protect and prevent people from getting degenerative diseases through bringing awareness of what causes these diseases, and offering powerful solutions to help people live a disease free life.  learn more at  LifepaknanoNow.com  LifepaknanoNow.com</p>
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		<title>I Was a Paramedic For 14 Years</title>
		<link>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/i-was-a-paramedic-for-14-years/</link>
		<comments>http://www.hicancer.com/2008/11/i-was-a-paramedic-for-14-years/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2008 16:37:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[No other group of people where as pleased to be alive as the patients I used to take for their cancer treatment.
I used to take people to hospital with broken legs, eye problems, back problems, etc.. They all sat their with long faces, like they where on a bus, or in a taxi, going for [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>No other group of people where as pleased to be alive as the patients I used to take for their cancer treatment.</p>
<p>I used to take people to hospital with broken legs, eye problems, back problems, etc.. They all sat their with long faces, like they where on a bus, or in a taxi, going for dental treatment.</p>
<p>Not so my cancer people. It was like being a member of a select club. They would come on-board with stories to tell, greet each other, exchange all types of home made food. I loved Mrs. Lavines &#8220;cookies&#8221;. That didn&#8217;t come out, quit as I planed to say it. OK Mrs. Johnson&#8217;s, fudge dummies were the best I have ever tasted. Sorry done it again.</p>
<p>The truth is, I miss those Ladies, and Gentlemen. I became friends with many of my patients. I am now retired, but I used to be invited for Christmas dinner, Birthday parties, Weddings, anniversaries, and unfortunately funerals.</p>
<p>I will miss all those lovely people. People who have a passion for life. It&#8217;s not that they have gone anywhere. It&#8217;s me, I have moved to Thailand. That&#8217;s why I will miss them. I have discovered my life through those great people. It is through my contact with all those great characters, I have found out one thing &#8220;This is not a practice&#8221; we only get one life. And they have shown me that I should enjoy every minute of it.</p>
<p>Their is one thing I came across, and I am still finding. Many people don&#8217;t have an heir, or family to leave their estate to. After some research I found out that in California alone $2.4 Billion in unclaimed property goes up in smoke. It goes to the (BUP) Buriew of Unclaimed Properties.<br />
I have set up a contact web site to help the hundreds of thousands of us who are alone. Why let the government take all our hard earned cash? When all we need to do is set up a reciprocal Will. It&#8217;s a fact of life, one day we will expire. Lets get together and help each other. It might be you who benefits.</p>
<p>Take a look at  Their4u.com  Their4u.com it could be a life changing experience.</p>
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